version 2.0
february 2004
professor michael geist?
canada research chair in internet and e-commerce law
university of ottawa faculty of law
technology counsel osler hoskin & harcourt llp
utive summary
in april 2003 professor michael geist and the telecommunications standardization
bureau of the international telecommunications union launched a survey of all 189 itu
member states on the role of national governments within their domestic top-level
domain. the survey featured questions on the current legal role of cctld administrators
cctld policies and governmental involvement in national and international internet
governance issues. a preliminary version summarizing the survey’s key findings was
released in november 2003. this d version now covers results from 66 countries
that responded to the survey as of february 2004 representing every global region as
well as a broad cross-section of developed and developing countries.
key findings of survey respondents include:
• governments are deeply involved in domain name administration at the national
level. contrary to most expectations virtually every government that responded
either manages retains direct control or is contemplating a formalized
relationship with their national cctld.
• 43 percent of responding governments retain ultimate control over their national
cctld. a further 30 percent have taken specific steps toward asserting ultimate
authority over their national cctld. nineteen percent of respondents indicated
that they were considering formalizing their relationship with their cctld and
expected that relationship to change in the future. only seven percent of
respondents indicated no formal governmental role in their cctld with no plans
to alter the present situation.
• while the survey reveals increasing consensus among respondents on the need for
national governments to assert a proprietary interest in their national cctld it
also uncovers striking differences in the commercialization of cctlds.
• in a question canvassing policy priorities responding countries with public
cctlds consistently ranked the public interest and the protection of intellectual
property rights as top priorities while the number of domain name registrations
was viewed as the least critical priority. as the cctlds move toward increasing
commercialization the data suggests that priorities begin to invert as the public
interest and intellectual property protection diminish in importance while the
number of domain name registrations increase in priority.
• the data suggests a direct correlation between the pursuit of the public interest
and the imposition presence requirements for domain name registration purposes.
• commercial cctlds are more likely to offer immediate online registrations than
their public counterparts.
• the survey found no substantial correlation between the organizational type of the
cctld and the adoption of dispute resolution or whois policies.
ادامه مقاله governments and country-code top level domains:a global survey در لینک ذیل ...